Analysis Of Differences In Erythrocyte Index As An Indicator Of Early Hematological Changes In Prediabetes And Normoglycemic Individuals

Abstract

Background: Prediabetes is a transitional state characterized by impaired glucose regulation that triggers oxidative stress and metabolic changes, potentially altering erythrocyte morphology before the onset of type 2 diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the differences in erythrocyte indices between individuals with prediabetes and normoglycemia to identify early hematological changes. Methods: A quantitative observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary medical record data from eighty subjects, equally divided into prediabetes and normoglycemia groups through consecutive sampling. Data analysis utilized independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The results demonstrated a significantly higher mean corpuscular volume in the prediabetes group compared to the normoglycemia group. Additionally, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower in prediabetic individuals. However, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin showed no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, significant structural erythrocyte changes, specifically increased volume and decreased hemoglobin concentration, occur during the prediabetic phase. Conclusion: These findings suggest that specific erythrocyte indices could serve as potential early hematological biomarkers for detecting metabolic deterioration associated with glucose regulation disorders.