Analisis Karakteristik Pada Pasien Rawat Inap Kasus Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47701/infokes.v12i1.1354Keywords:
covid-19, pasien, karakteristik, usia, komorbidAbstract
Pada Desember 2019, kasus penyakit virus corona atau sering disebut covid-19 pertama kali dilaporkan di Wuhan, Provinsi Hubei. Virus ini dapat ditularkan dari manusia ke manusia dan telah menyebar secara luas ke berbagai negara di dunia termasuk diantaranya Indonesia. Penyebaran yang begitu cepat dan luas di dunia, menyebabkan penyakit ini dinyatakan sebagai pandemi. Orang dengan beberapa karakteristik tertentu memiliki faktor risiko yang lebih tinggi tertular virus corona, diantaranya faktor usia, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, dan penyakit penyerta (komornid). Penelitian ini menganalisis apakah ada hubungan antara karakteristik pasien dengan kematian akibat covid-19 dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari dokumen rekam medis. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh data pasien covid-19 yang terkonfirmasi positif pada tribulan 2 tahun 2020 di salah satu rumah sakit rujukan lini pertama di Jawa Tengah sebanyak 501 dokumen. Analisis data dimulai dari analisis univariat untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi karakteritik pasien covid-19. Analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia (p<0.001) dan memiliki komorbid (p<0.001) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kematian pasien covid-19. Komorbid dapat memperburuk prognosis pasien sehingga 18 kali meningkatkan risiko kematian akibat terinfeksi covid-19. Pasien laki-laki lebih banyak terinfeksi covid-19 namun secara statistik tidak berhubungan dengan kematian. Demikian halnya dengan tempat tinggal pasien yang ditemukan paling banyak dari wilayah Jawa Tengah namun secara statistik tidak berhubungan dengan kematian. Kebijakan tentang pencegahan dan penanganan covid-19 sebaiknya diprioritaskan pada kelompok masyarakat yang berisiko lebih tinggi tertular covid-19 dan memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi mengalami kematian akibat covid-19 seperti faktor usia >60 tahun dan memiliki komorbid.
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